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I keep a literary diary. I fill it out in this order:
Title.
Author, country, year, (century).
Notes about the author. Briefly about the author from Wikipedia (about how this work appeared).
And then I fill it out from memory. If there are several chapters, then I write them down at regular intervals. If this is a play, then the names of the characters are entered immediately, and then I also make notes. I also try to include not only the plot, but also my own analysis. I write in synopsis form (i.e. in the present tense).
Very develops memory and helps to plunge into your own experiences – in those that were exactly at the time of reading. Some will say that the summary can be found on the Internet, but, believe me, this is not at all the same.
“How to read books”, by Sergey Innokentievich Povarnin. According to his method, we made a website – Bukella. Try. There, the reading process is divided into stages: choosing a book , familiarizing yourself, etc.and for each stage, you need to make notes while formulating your thoughts.
I would like to add to the previous answer the words of Ralph Waldo Emerson: “I remember the books I read no more than I remember the food I ate, but they helped me to take shape (as a person), (helped shape my personality).”
“I cannot remember the books I've read any more than the meals I have eaten; even so, they have made me”.
So it's only natural to forget)
I can add that, in my experience, re-reading a book helps you remember. The information somehow fits in my head. Something is still forgotten, of course, but much remains in the memory.
First, you need to read thoughtfully, at a moderate pace, delving into each word. Secondly, it is best to read a book in a printed version, and not in an electronic one, because this makes it possible to make pencil notes, mark interesting moments and put bookmarks somewhere (and from an aesthetic point of view, it is somehow more pleasant, more sincere, or something).Third, reading material should be interesting to you, then you will have a desire to live life together with the characters, empathize, sympathize, fantasize, reflect on certain topics covered in the work. This is as far as fiction is concerned. If this is some kind of scientific literature, then you can somehow take notes on the key points, and then, based on your notes, remember everything.
The most important thing is to love reading, have fun, and start with the easy stuff. Good luck!