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This question assumes that there is a philosophy as such. And that's right. This means that in the course of its history, philosophy has overcome all its special forms and reached the universal one. And in the name of this philosophy, we can give an answer about consciousness. What kind of answer does a philosophy that has reached a universal form give? This means opening up the concept of “Consciousness”. Not the concept that formal logic defines, but the concept that reveals the universal nature of the subject. That is, to answer that there is consciousness from the point of view of philosophy as such – this means to reveal the universal nature of consciousness. This means: from a multitude of phenomena to reach a single entity and then to the concept.
That is, to reveal the concept of consciousness, one must trace the genesis of this phenomenon, which precedes consciousness, trace how this something self-negates itself into the first, immediate form of the phenomenon of consciousness, reveal the self-negation of this form into its own special distinguished moments, reveal the form of internal unity of these special moments, and reveal the complete self-negation of consciousness into the subsequent form of being, which is the truth of consciousness. The truth of consciousness is reason.
That is, to give the answer “what is consciousness?” is not about the definition. This is a statement of a big theory. For example, in G. V. F. Hegel's Encyclopedia of Philosophical Sciences, it took dozens of pages of text.
Philosophy does not explain consciousness, but practices a “state of consciousness” (prolonging it). It is impossible to deal directly with consciousness. Only through the techniques of working with consciousness (simply because it is the condition for understanding any thing or phenomenon). The emphasis here is on “work”. All philosophical (literate) books testify to working with consciousness. So Socrates came up with conversations called dialectics (see about this on my Zen Channel “Socratic Conversations”). In the conversation, Socrates led the interlocutor to a place (topos) from which he understood his life problems. This place was the place of consciousness (the place from which I see what is really there). In the East, they practice meditation. Modern philosophers have developed a decent number of ways to practice consciousness through variations (interpretations) of the texts of classical philosophers. So, consciousness is not defined (explained), but practiced. One more time. What is written in the philosophical books devoted to consciousness? Various options for working with consciousness are described.
Solipsistic philosophers are the closest to the truth. To live is to feel sounds, colors, and smells. touch and correct reflection of the world. Consciousness (mind) controls life, continuously simulating it.
Something like this: consciousness as a philosophical term, it is the highest form of reflection of objective reality peculiar only to man. Consciousness is a set of mental processes that actively participate in a person's understanding of the objective world and their own being. Consciousness arises in the process of labor, social and industrial activities of people and is inextricably linked with language.
There are a lot more than one options.
1) Consciousness is a process of reflection on experience. Without reflection, there is thinking, but not consciousness, and therefore consciousness is a property of many reflections.
2) there is no consciousness at all, thinking is strictly defined by external stimuli
3) consciousness is a property of the individual through which a person contemplates the world.
4) consciousness is a reflection of material existence and its laws
5) consciousness is a consequence of the brain and is no different from thinking.
6) consciousness is a consequence of speech and empathy.
Yes, thousands of options, to be honest.
I like number 4.
the product of the brain, say the materialists, mystics claim-consciousness exists separately from the body.What is consciousness?A person is like a matryoshka doll,you can separate the body-this is a deceased person.they say he's unconscious.This is the part of the person that .. it makes it alive-animated, conscious.The soul has left the body, consciousness has left the human body, consciousness is a part of the human being.In a sleeping person, in the REM sleep phase, the soul travels and the person sees a dream, is aware of another reality, another world.
What specific philosophy are we talking about?
Different philosophical trends have their own approaches to the problems of consciousness.
Coders work with similar definitions. Here they are looking for approaches to writing full-fledged AI – and simpler programs that can perform only certain functions in some domains (chess-domain, checkers-domain, landscape drawing-a function in a certain graphic domain, say, computer translation-a function in a linguistic domain – that sort of thing).
On the other hand, we are not individually intelligent. Our subcultures are reasonable. We can only maintain imperfect copies of one or more subcultures in our brains for a while. Well, yes, a solitary prisoner and a sailor on a desert island in a few years will look very sad, as a rule-even if in terms of meeting simple needs there is heaven on earth.
With this approach, you need to study and model these very subcultures in the first place. Not our brains at all.