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Here, perhaps, it is worth clarifying what is meant by the “revolutionary nature” of events.
The same Peredvizhniki in the eyes of academicians (representatives of classical school painting from the Academy of Arts) looked no better than Lenin in the tsar's view. Their innovative view of painting and its mission was very “revolutionary” for its time. And the references that were encrypted in their paintings sometimes had a revolutionary character in the proper sense.
For example, the work of I. Repin
“Ivan the Terrible and his son Ivan on November 16, 1581” was the first painting banned from showing in the Russian Empire by decree of Alexander III. And all because the title of the picture does not accidentally include the date (1581), which, according to Repin's own recollection, refers us to the March events of 1881 – the murder of Emperor Alexander II by the Narodnaya Volya.
Inspired by the ideas of populism, the Peredvizhniki became a kind of marker of an era in which revolutionary motives were already in the air, and their work marked the breaking of the previous paradigm of art.
Undoubtedly, the appearance of cinema in 1895. A completely new art form has emerged-cinema. But this art also underwent revolutionary moments: the appearance of sound films, then color, later with computer technologies and processing. However, a revolution in art can be considered the image of the beauty of the human body in the Renaissance, the emergence of different genres in painting and literature, the emergence of photography, the emergence of jazz and rock in musical creativity.
There is one and only one truly breakthrough event in the history of art that relates to the emergence of a new fundamental quality in humanity – this is the very emergence of art as a method of long-term preservation of information.
The first artefacts of art are handprints made with paints. This was the first and most important step. Anyone who does something that has never happened before in nature and in society (and handprints on the wall made consciously before no one did in nature) makes a revolution. This is a real genius. It may sound trivial now, but to come up with the idea of making handprints on the wall was a manifestation of a quality previously unknown to wildlife, it was the first attempt to record information forever, in writing. And that's what art is all about: recording information about the life of today's society for subsequent generations.
Up to this point, only speech was the carrier of information. It was with the help of speech that sapiens learned not to lose information with the death of its carrier as it was before, but to transfer it to each other and thereby accumulate it.
Art began with handprints on the wall 60 or 70,000 years ago. Later, palm prints evolved first into drawing, then into writing, after which humanity stopped losing information, and began to transmit it through writing to the next generations. The accumulation of information has become the basis of scientific achievements… And the more the methods of accumulating and exchanging information improved, the faster humanity invented useful objects and realized the laws of the physical world.
Palm prints gave rise to the development of not only writing, but also the transfer of emotions to each other-painting, which began to live a separate life… Painting began to depict people, nature, and social life. It is from painting that we now get an idea of the life of the ancient Etruscans. How fortunate for us that “abstractionism” was not born among the Etruscans! We wouldn't know anything about them except for the spots and hatches… They would be lost to us forever.
Starting from the end of the 19th century, painting began to degenerate and during the 20th century it completely degenerated. From the artefacts of today's Pollack and Warhall paintings, future generations will learn nothing about us. Step by step, painting lost its function as a carrier of information as other methods of storing and transmitting it developed.
All the transformations of art in the 20th century are not revolutionary. They are considered such only by “art historians” because of their narrow formal view of the development of art. These transformations (various “-isms” born in the 20th century) are stages of successive degeneration of art, its degradation…
It all started with the handprints on the wall…from the first attempts to find a way to save information. It all started with the birth of the first artificial images. This was the real revolution.