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Any reasoning that is based on an unverified or non-nuanced premise will seem logical, but it will not always turn out to be true. Or even more simply: where the logic of words and ideas collides with reality, only the appearance of logic can always be found. After all, the world is not perfect.
For example, you ask a question and wait for an answer. After all, a question presupposes an answer. But there is a possibility to ignore it.
Or you think: I was put under anesthesia, so there will be no pain. And again a mistake: the anesthesia could not work due to a paradoxical reaction of the body, or it may also be that the pain is psychosomatic (i.e., the result of autosuggestion from which it really hurts).
In general, you can come up with as many examples as you want, or you can take them from life.
To begin with, logic is not equal to truth in principle. That is, these two qualities do not necessarily imply each other, although they often occur in the same statements.
Consider the syllogism:
All humans have three legs.
Socrates is a man.
Socrates has three legs.
Logical? Logically. True? No.
The initial position is false, i.e. it does not correspond to reality. However, this does not violate the logic at all.
The most famous example of what is logical but not true in philosophy is aporia, a logically correct situation that contradicts reality. For example, Achilles, which will never catch up with the turtle, or a flying arrow, which is actually stationary.
It is important to understand that logic is only a form, but the content is truth. Sometimes the form and content match, and sometimes they don't.
If we are talking about a phenomenon in philosophy, linguistics, or public speaking, then sophism falls under the description – this is usually a rather complex statement, which is flavored with logical supposedly justifications so that the opponent does not see the catch, but with a more detailed analysis, this statement does not stand up to criticism.
For example, the logic that if everything is created by God, including evil, then God is a product of evil. The reasoning seems logical, but it is fundamentally wrong, since in addition to evil, there is also good. In this logic, this omission led to incorrect conclusions. God is good. And moving away from it leads to evil. How moving away from heat leads to cold. Moving away from the light leads to darkness. The laws of nature established by God perfectly illustrate this, if you look closely at them.😉