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Very much affects! Defines, you might say.
Take the South Koreans, for example. Unlike the North Korean people consisting entirely of lazy people and alcoholics with slavery laid down at the genetic level, they were able to build a prosperous developed state. But the North Koreans are living in poverty. Such people because.
In general terms, it does not affect in any way. The mentality of a nation is very difficult to define, it can change over the years, not to mention the fact that nations in general began to develop by historical standards quite recently – in the XIX century. If you are referring to the religious aspect, then it will not determine either. After all, even the so-called “Protestant ethics” will not be a universal mechanism. Protestant countries have known periods of boom and bust. Holland, on the other hand, was poor throughout the eighteenth century, and Prussia was never a rich and developed country. At the same time, the Arab world has long been far ahead of the Christian world and Europe in terms of income, urbanization, and scientific development. 15th-century Catholic Italy was ahead of all of Europe in its development, and little Genoa and Venice controlled the entire Mediterranean.
Max Weber looks at this question with an ironic smile. “Naturlich, freulein”, as Max tells us, ” I answered this question 150 years ago, and I found that di protestantische etique influenced geist des capitalismus.” In principle, Weber's ideas are accepted by the scientific community, and the fact of the influence of mentality (and the ethics of Protestantism, I believe, is part of Religion) on economic development is not disputed (only in small details: it is believed, for example, that Protestantism influenced literacy, which then led to an increase in income).
If you look at the economic success story of Japan, for example, and then it turns out that the mentality has influenced. For example, the Japanese value loyalty, respect for their elders (which eliminates the problem of staff turnover and conflicts in the team), and mutual assistance. Dedication to work (the world's shortest vacations and longest working hours) contributes to the growth of Japanese labor productivity.