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  1. This is a system of the world that has existed since the first civilizations, in whose cultures the structure of the universe was reflected. But the geocentric system in which the Earth was a sphere was expressed by Pythagoras and developed by subsequent thinkers. In the Pythagorean system of the world, the Earth was the center of the universe, around it revolved: the Moon, the Sun, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn and the star sphere, i.e. other suns, which were not known even in those days, which were visible from the Earth as luminous dots or nails driven into the celestial sphere by someone. The question of how the Earth is held in the universe, different thinkers had different answers. Most people were inclined to believe that the Earth has some kind of support, it could be some animal or other mythical entity, and Thales of Miletus, who is considered the father of philosophy, believed that such a support of the Earth is the world ocean, on which the Earth floats. But a revolutionary point of view was expressed by Anaximander of Miletus, who suggested that the universe is centrally symmetric and lacks any particular direction. Therefore, the Earth located in the center of the Cosmos (the same as the universe in Greek philosophy) has no reason to move in any direction, that is, it freely rests in the center of the universe without support. The revolutionary nature of this opinion lies in the fact that Anaximander expressed the point of view that is now accepted as such in modern cosmological theories. Our Earth really has no support and there is no dedicated direction in the universe, this property of the Universe is called the isotropy of space.

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