Is there really a causal relationship?
Is there really a causal relationship? Or is the event primary, which by its very occurrence produces a disturbance of the preceding and subsequent, like circles on water, in all directions, after a stone has fallen there? The same events can be caused by different reasons and have different consequences. The same reasons may lead to different results, or the result may not be present at all. Please answer in terms of substance and common sense, without referring to logic, mathematics, dialectics, scholasticism, or patristics. Because they do not reflect the essence of things, but are only a model, a way to describe events, processes and phenomena
God created all matter by cause and effect, otherwise we would not be able to make any choice, since making it will already be followed by the cause of it. Just as diseases have a standard, the tasks of our actions, deviation from them, are punished by God with the appearance of diseases or death in us.
Yes, it exists.
Causal relationships are roughly reduced to the fact that in time after a set of events {a, b, c} always or with some frequency/probability follows a set of events {x, y, z}.
Our whole life consists of such reproducible “bundles”. It follows that in at least some cases, causal relationships exist.
You “swung” at the axiomatics of EVERYTHING. By itself, p / s communication is the VERY first, invented, UNPROVEN “cog” IN ANY MODEL AND DISCIPLINE.
Well, suppose it DOESN'T EXIST. All sciences have collapsed. … to THE BOTTOM, AND THEN..
Where do we start?🤔