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In the modern world, there is little that can limit a person. If you have access to the Internet and have the desire – you will become anyone, regardless of your “crust”.
Restricts it for many reasons. First, what happens if the office closes? For example, you are an airbus engine repair specialist, and this airbus is gone. You can certainly go to Boeing, but you're not the only one:) And it will be painful to repair Zhiguli engines because of salary expectations. Further, a narrow specialization involves paying above the market. This is bad for the employee, because he becomes a hostage of the office. If the office stagnates, the loss of qualifications begins, and you don't want to leave because of the salary. And when you do leave, you can completely lose everything. Therefore, narrow, high-class specialists get more, this is a surcharge for risk (and they are fools if they do not postpone anything). And if someone says that a narrow specialist is so cool that he is not afraid of anything, then this is bullshit. He is always under pressure both from below (an army of gasters who are ready to learn and dump) and from above (and why does he get so much, let's optimize). In short, a double-edged sword. The janitor is more socially protected, but his standard of living is also lower.
Curious question, thank you. In fact, even a narrow specialization can bring more income and no less pleasure than a wide-profile profession. Take the field of IT, for example, the direction of testing. From the layman's point of view, it seems that a person sits and simply checks whether the program is working well, whether there are critical errors. That's all. Boredom and nothing else.
But look, this profession contains both the knowledge of a product developer and an understanding of software engineering. You need analytical skills to correctly break down a complex program structure into its component parts, predict the risks of Internet absence, and calculate behavior algorithms.
All this is definitely a narrow-profile functionality of a particular specialist. But without it, no software development is even conceivable. And such specialists
they are constantly looking for freelancing on the stock exchange. Their income starts from 70k. and it can double in just a few months. The average salary of a tester-engineer is about 150k.
What am I getting at? Niche professions do not limit people at all, they allow you to develop related disciplines and make the brain flexible. The main thing is to love your business and try to understand how to act in the changing market conditions.
There are always 2 factors pulling in opposite directions:
So you need to choose wisely the specialization that you want to train. See who is needed in the market now; estimate whether they will also be needed in 5-10 years; whether they will replace specialists with robots. This is a non-trivial task.