Perhaps you should start with the works of ancient Greek thinkers like Plato. Then pay attention to Diogenes of Laertes, in general, go in chronological order. You can trace the changing (or not) perception of the world by people of different times, problems that were paid attention to at a certain point in history.
The easiest way to start studying philosophy is with popular fiction. At first, you do not need to know the terms, but a simple understanding of “do I need it, is it interesting”. Otherwise, the entire napal will subside. To give yourself a basic idea of the subject and the questions that philosophy deals with, you need to be interested in them. �Among the questions::
meanings – life, history, objects, art
what is a person, consciousness, living, inanimate
how to understand-yourself, another, god, trait
and many others
What should I read? Everything you didn't read at school. Remember your literature lessons. This is the simplest and most understandable option for a Russian speaker. If you can't find Tolstoy, Dostoevsky and Pasternak, Brodsky, start with Leskov, Nekrasov, Pushkin. In general, the literature program is built normally. If the 10th grade textbook doesn't work, take the authors from the 6th grade.
__If you have an aversion to Russian literature, and you are all special – try foreign classics. Simple things – Hesse (Steppenwolf, Knulp, The Bead Game), London (Martin Eden), Dreiser (The Financier), and so on.
If this is difficult for you, try a movie. Sometimes there is a good thing, they also write about it “it's for you to think about”. There are a lot of examples.__
Why read it?
You won't believe to search for questions. The fate of the main characters, their choices, their dialogues. Any self-respecting writer who became a classic asked questions. If you have learned to notice questions and get answers from books – congratulations, the level is passed.
And when is philosophy? I thought I'd have Plato and Aristotle right away.
Already. But there's a catch. If you decide to engage in self-education, and no one directs you, it is better to start not from the beginning, but from the end. Don't start with Plato, he's long dead. His language is no longer spoken by people, and it will be difficult to understand him, just like Yoda. Start with Sartre, Berdyaev. Then Nietzsche. Then Kant, Schopenhauer, Hobbes, Locke. The Greeks – finally. First, Aristotle, then the others. The task is the same – look for questions and answers. Pay attention to your arguments. What self-respecting felasaph doesn't know how to argue? Use their techniques. They might be long dead, but they knew what they were doing.
And now what? Am I a philosopher?
Almost. Now there are two options. You can try to answer the questions that you set for yourself. Or you can structure authors in your head by taking someone else's classification. This is called philosophical schools. If it worked out – congratulations! Now you can answer questions by referring to your favorite schools or courses! Congratulations! You are a philosopher.
My advice to you is to start with generalizing works, at least with the same textbooks. There is an excellent work that at one time allowed me to “enter” the process of studying philosophy quite gently (and this was necessary, since I studied at the corresponding faculty) – Bertrand Russell “History of Western Philosophy and its connections with political and social conditions from antiquity to the present day”. On the Internet, you can find an impressive number of audio lectures on the history of philosophy – also a good thing.
In general, I also recommend that you decide on the range of topics that you are interested in. The study of works that are more than a hundred years away from us (i.e., consider everything that was written earlier than the twentieth century) is fraught with certain difficulties, the struggle with which can greatly discourage all desire to read. There is no point in starting to read Hegel or Kant if you don't clearly understand why you are doing this. If we talk about monographs, then it is probably best to start with the work of existentialists – with the same Camus or Sartre, for example. Modern people most often ask questions that were interested in existentialists.
You need to understand why you need this. If for reasons of “I want to be smart, like these uncles”, then this is a bad motivation. It is better when there is a clear goal, and study philosophy as an important question related to this topic. Then of course it will be clear how best to do it.
Either start by studying the history of philosophy itself (I had such a subject in my first year), or find some courses in philosophy (like Arzamas) which will give you the big picture,and then you can decide for yourself.Often in the beginning, the study of philosophy begins with Greece (Plato, Aristotle).
Perhaps you should start with the works of ancient Greek thinkers like Plato. Then pay attention to Diogenes of Laertes, in general, go in chronological order. You can trace the changing (or not) perception of the world by people of different times, problems that were paid attention to at a certain point in history.
The easiest way to start studying philosophy is with popular fiction. At first, you do not need to know the terms, but a simple understanding of “do I need it, is it interesting”. Otherwise, the entire napal will subside. To give yourself a basic idea of the subject and the questions that philosophy deals with, you need to be interested in them.
�Among the questions::
meanings – life, history, objects, art
what is a person, consciousness, living, inanimate
how to understand-yourself, another, god, trait
and many others
What should I read?
Everything you didn't read at school. Remember your literature lessons. This is the simplest and most understandable option for a Russian speaker. If you can't find Tolstoy, Dostoevsky and Pasternak, Brodsky, start with Leskov, Nekrasov, Pushkin. In general, the literature program is built normally. If the 10th grade textbook doesn't work, take the authors from the 6th grade.
__If you have an aversion to Russian literature, and you are all special – try foreign classics. Simple things – Hesse (Steppenwolf, Knulp, The Bead Game), London (Martin Eden), Dreiser (The Financier), and so on.
If this is difficult for you, try a movie. Sometimes there is a good thing, they also write about it “it's for you to think about”. There are a lot of examples.__
Why read it?
You won't believe to search for questions. The fate of the main characters, their choices, their dialogues. Any self-respecting writer who became a classic asked questions. If you have learned to notice questions and get answers from books – congratulations, the level is passed.
And when is philosophy? I thought I'd have Plato and Aristotle right away.
Already. But there's a catch. If you decide to engage in self-education, and no one directs you, it is better to start not from the beginning, but from the end. Don't start with Plato, he's long dead. His language is no longer spoken by people, and it will be difficult to understand him, just like Yoda. Start with Sartre, Berdyaev. Then Nietzsche. Then Kant, Schopenhauer, Hobbes, Locke. The Greeks – finally. First, Aristotle, then the others. The task is the same – look for questions and answers. Pay attention to your arguments. What self-respecting felasaph doesn't know how to argue? Use their techniques. They might be long dead, but they knew what they were doing.
And now what? Am I a philosopher?
Almost. Now there are two options. You can try to answer the questions that you set for yourself. Or you can structure authors in your head by taking someone else's classification. This is called philosophical schools. If it worked out – congratulations! Now you can answer questions by referring to your favorite schools or courses! Congratulations! You are a philosopher.
My advice to you is to start with generalizing works, at least with the same textbooks. There is an excellent work that at one time allowed me to “enter” the process of studying philosophy quite gently (and this was necessary, since I studied at the corresponding faculty) – Bertrand Russell “History of Western Philosophy and its connections with political and social conditions from antiquity to the present day”. On the Internet, you can find an impressive number of audio lectures on the history of philosophy – also a good thing.
In general, I also recommend that you decide on the range of topics that you are interested in. The study of works that are more than a hundred years away from us (i.e., consider everything that was written earlier than the twentieth century) is fraught with certain difficulties, the struggle with which can greatly discourage all desire to read. There is no point in starting to read Hegel or Kant if you don't clearly understand why you are doing this. If we talk about monographs, then it is probably best to start with the work of existentialists – with the same Camus or Sartre, for example. Modern people most often ask questions that were interested in existentialists.
You need to understand why you need this. If for reasons of “I want to be smart, like these uncles”, then this is a bad motivation. It is better when there is a clear goal, and study philosophy as an important question related to this topic. Then of course it will be clear how best to do it.
Either start by studying the history of philosophy itself (I had such a subject in my first year), or find some courses in philosophy (like Arzamas) which will give you the big picture,and then you can decide for yourself.Often in the beginning, the study of philosophy begins with Greece (Plato, Aristotle).