2 Answers

  1. The first mention is found in the holy Scriptures. The Apostle Paul instructed that ” several people should speak, and one should explain the meaning.” Translators were in the service of the king or ruler and had to grasp information on the fly and interpret it aloud in an accessible way. In Russia, the first translators appeared around the time of the Mongol-Tatar yoke. Because of the constant contact with the Mongol-Tatars, a huge number of interpreters were required. During this period, the interpreter becomes a profession. Often translators were people who knew logic and stylistics well, and were able to correctly build a speech.

  2. What do you mean without translators? There were always people who learned the language of other peoples for various reasons (trade, parents from different nations, military affairs, etc.) and served as translators, respectively, and also taught the language of other people.

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