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In many ways, the answers to questions about dreams were given by the famous Austrian psychologist, founder of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud (1856-1939). In particular, in his theory of the development and etiology of neuroses, he studied the absurd dreams of his patients in order to form a clear and objective methodology for determining mental illnesses and neuroses in his patients in the future.
According to Freud's theories, dreams are influenced by many factors. First, it is worth noting that a well-known scientist claimed that vivid and absurd dreams are a sign of good health. As for the theme itself, that is, the plot, dreams, there are some subtleties here. Freud distinguishes between infantile (experienced in childhood) and archaic (experienced a very long time ago) memories that have left a mark on our psyche, and which, under the influence of time, come to the surface, sooner or later, in dreams.
But what provoked their appearance in our dreams, if they were so long ago? Freud divided the human psyche into 3 levels or divisions: Super-Ego, Ego and Id (Super-Ego, I and It). The Superego (in short, it is the most “cultural” area of the psyche formed by the dominant culture in which the individual lives) has a certain ” censorship “that suppresses all memories, thoughts and associations that it stamps as” depraved”,” animal “or”indecent”. In particular, censorship can suppress these memories, which have caused some kind of ” trauma “(or” trace”) in our psyche, and therefore we “forget” them.
So how do dreams form? Experienced recently, during yesterday or a week, our subconscious Id evokes a very long chain of associations,” censored ” with the help of the Super-Ego, with these infantile or archaic experiences that our “little Id” actually likes. When the Super-Ego falls asleep, it also “goes to sleep”, and the censor loses its vigilance, but not completely, and the dream begins. Heavy interweaving of censorship, long-standing experiences, personal feelings, and recently experienced events form a picture that is unique in its absurdity, which we call “delusional” or”absurd”.
But the interpretation of dreams is a completely different story.