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Reduced serotonin and dopamine levels.
Very simply: dopamine – determination, serotonin-joy of life.
Dopamine is very active when you are in love – it is needed for you to run around and take care of your partner. But suddenly it turns out that you don't need to run anymore, which means that the brain stops releasing dopamine. Subjectively, the lack of dopamine is felt as apathy, boredom, unwillingness to move, frustration in their abilities.
Serotonin colors everything in rainbow tones, under serotonin we perceive what is happening to us as very positive. Since unrequited love is a loss for us, the brain does not release serotonin, so that you do not inadvertently think that when you are rejected, it is good. Therefore, you do not see anything good around you, life seems like decay and hopelessness.
If a lover was important to you, more important than work, friends, hobbies, losing him leads to a huge decrease in dopamine and serotonin.
Therefore, they advise unhappy lovers to fill their day with interesting things. From a biochemical point of view, this will help to raise the level of dopamine and serotonin, and the person will be happier.
Dopamine and serotonin are not the only neurotransmitters that affect a person during the experience of unrequited love. Endorphins in combination with the above mentioned ones, which are produced in large quantities when they come into contact with the object of love, stop being produced and can cause withdrawal syndrome ( MRI of the brain of people experiencing breakups showed that they have the same structures involved as cocaine addicts during withdrawal )
Also, during a breakup, stress can become chronic and cortisol levels will be at a high level, which leads to health problems . Cortisol increases the concentration of attention , in this case, a person focuses on negative emotions .
In addition to cortisol, epinephrine and norepinephrine are produced, which cause discomfort at the physical level ( breathing, pressure , heartbeat).
There are also a number of studies that suggest that during the period of separation in the receptors of the limbs, the pain threshold decreases . The same part of the brain is responsible for both physical and emotional pain. Some people even take painkillers.