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Impoverishment and devastation, economic chaos, and the crisis of power after the Civil War caused famine in 1921-1922. Before that, there were also crop failures and famine among the population, which served as one of the starting points of the 1917 Revolution.�
Russian researchers believe that the famine of the 1930s was caused by the consequences of forced grain procurements in 1929 and the continuous collectivization that began in 1930, which created a shortage of food in rural areas. The famine was a direct result of the Stalinist leadership's policy of accelerated industrialization, which required foreign exchange sources for its implementation, including grain exports. To this end, huge, impossible tasks were set for the peasants on grain distribution. Stalin wrote in a letter dated August 6, 1930: “Force the export of grain with all your might. That's the nail on the head now. If we take out the bread, there will be credits.”
Historians of the Russian Academy of Sciences believe that the tragedy was based on the problems of strengthening the collective farm system in the USSR, the economy as a whole, and the political regime, which were solved by the Stalinist government using its usual inhumane methods applied to “enemies of the people”. The situation in Ukraine was aggravated by the grain specialization of the republic, the high density of the peasant population in the zone of continuous collectivization aimed at increasing grain harvesting, the scale of peasant resistance in the Ukrainian SSR, and the response measures “punishing peasants with hunger” adopted by the central and local authorities to suppress resistance and prevent the collapse of the collective farm system.
The most common reason is the absence of famine in the USSR! Famine in the USSR is an anti-Soviet myth. There were many such myths – the myth of the persecution of the church (which the state put on shoes and clothes), the myth of the red terror, the myth of Stalin's power (Stalin did not hold any state position from 1923 to 1941)!
The reason for the famine in the USSR, if you asked about the famine of 1932-1933, was the lack of bread – the main food product of the peasants at that time. And no, the problem was not collectivization, but it helped to develop Ukraine. Socialism has nothing to do with it either. It was precisely a crop failure. Also, due to urbanization and the active struggle against the kulaks, there was a shortage of workers. Industrialization has done more than expected. That's why there was such a high outflow of labor to the cities. �
Moreover, it is necessary to take into account the terrible conditions from which the USSR rose.