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I would say that philosophy is needed in order to learn to pose new questions and answer them independently, in order to learn to see the non-obvious in what seems obvious. For many thousands of years, for example, it seemed obvious to people that the Sun revolves around the Earth and nothing else. Empirically proven. And then the ancient philsoofs came and said: what if we try this? And if it's like this? And if it's still different? Maybe not the Earth at all in the center of the world? And it is noteworthy that all these questions were not in vain – Copernicus refers specifically to the ancient Pythagorean mathematical models as a justification for the possibility of building various models of the universe.
In other words, philosophy, as the Soviet philosopher Merab Mamardashvili correctly pointed out, begins when you finish doing what you are doing and start asking yourself: why am I doing this? why do I do it this way and not another way? and so on. For some, this may seem like a useless separation from real work, but, on the other hand, the very withdrawal into a specific activity can be considered as an escape from real problems, from one's inability to seriously face deeper questions. And without such a collision, no progress is possible.
Simply put, philosophy creates an intellectual environment that allows society to reflect on itself, its beliefs, etc., and find new points of development. Any progress in the same science begins with the emergence of new philosophical ideas. Look at Darwin's theory, for example – it was preceded by the era of German idealism, which brought to the fore the idea of development, progress, qualitative, and not just external, mechanical (as in Lamarck, who is flesh from the flesh of Enlightenment), changes in nature. The Soviet space program was preceded by a number of visionary philosophers like Fyodorov and Tsiolkovsky. Behind the economic success of modern China lies a return to Confucian ethics and the development of modern Chinese Marxism. American scientific success was preceded in the 19th century by the birth of American transcendentalism and pragmatism.
I can multiply these examples to infinity, but it is easier to ask another question : how many countries can you name in which the rapid and fruitful development of science would not have been preceded by the formation and development of philosophical traditions?
And that's only half the story. The second half is that philosophy is critical to social progress. Philosophical ideas are literally changing our society. For example, the Enlightenment brought us the ideas of natural law (the basis of the doctrine of human rights), the social contract (the state is empowered by people and only people, there is no objective authority of the state – and therefore the state that violates the contract is illegitimate and can be dismantled – and this is the basis for the French Revolution, the American Revolution, etc.), In the twentieth century, the ideas of Lev Tolstoy, in particular, on “non-resistance to evil by force”, was inspired by Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther king (The Guardian, for example, wrote that they believed Tolstova “moral hero”) – and how they have changed the modern world, I think, to say no.
In other words, philosophy may not have provided a single definitive answer to its questions in its entire existence, but the way it is presented and discussed, as well as the culture of discussion itself, has changed our society for the better. And if you are grateful to someone for the abolition of serfdom, gender equality, the development of science, etc., etc., then you should thank philosophy for this, first of all.
Well, a couple of articles in the subject of the question:
Philosophers do philosophy. Philosophy is necessary for philosophy.
If philosophers are not engaged in philosophy, they are, of course, not philosophers.
If philosophers do philosophy not for philosophy, but for something else, they are not philosophers either. They are then ideologues, for example.
Excerpt from the book “Ivan the Fool's Quest for Meaning”:
– That's what I don't understand. Who needs it at all and why? Well, for you, it's like such a perverse entertainment. Strange and wild, but let it be. You never know how many perverts we have. It's better than getting drunk with a knife in the alley. However, what is the benefit of finding new uses?
– The benefit is in the search itself and, of course, in these new benefits.
– Are there any old uses for it?”
“There are some. But this is not necessary. The trick is to realize that the pursuit of old benefits can be harmful.
– Harmful from the point of view of new uses or from the point of view of the same old ones.
“And so, and so.
– So maybe you're just pretending that you're looking for some new use.” And under this cover, you're just trying to get comfortable and get fame, money, non-dusty activities, attention from the opposite sex, and even power.
“You say that, Ivan, as if it's something bad. After all, we are not against the old uses. But not for it either. We look at old uses in a detached way and assume that they are not needed or even that they are evil. This is a kind of experiment that can be both mental and vital. The philosopher who has decided that the pursuit of fame, money, comfort, sex, and power makes us too narrow-minded and therefore unhappy will easily give it up as a test. If, of course, he is a true philosopher.
No matter how paradoxical it may sound (and in the realm of wisdom, paradoxicity is the norm. Precisely because it often contradicts our everyday ideas), philosophers are engaged in philosophy. Only philosophy in the first sense and in the second — different “philosophies”. In the first sense, philosophy is a real event (let's call it “real philosophy”. Hegel's term). In other words, it is the moment of life when a person wakes up with the desire to live their own life (if you live your own life, you will always find your Way). Or ” the dignity of existence “(Merab Mamardashvili). Or else”: “the self-standing of a person, the guarantee of his greatness” (A. Pushkin). “Rebirth” is another name for this slice of life. Thus, “real philosophy” is involved in the cause of human self-construction (however grandiose it may sound). In the second sense, philosophy expresses (explicates), clarifies the moments of “real philosophy”. Let's call it “the philosophy of works and concepts”. Most often, deep thinkers '”philosophy of works” clarifies the experience of the “real philosophy” of their life. In this sense, the philosopher always speaks about himself (know yourself about this, and not about the knowledge of psychological properties and qualities). More transformations (not knowledge. Philosophy does not deal with knowledge) you will find on my channel “Socratic conversations”.
Philosophy begins there, if and in so far as, where, when, and in so far as all other means of reason are powerless. An example is the solution of the Buridanov donkey dilemma or the magpie-legged dilemma. Or from everyday life: you are a good employee, and a bad boss fires you (if law and psychology don't help, you just have to philosophize).
To this day, philosophers are engaged in trying to understand for themselves (and the world) what philosophy should be as a science-philosophy. In short, they think about how to translate the very idea of philosophy into theory, science, and life.
What is needed is <and> in order, so to speak, to organize all the other sciences in order to <and><collectively> know the world, i.e., truth in its most universal meaning.
And in relation to <each> person-to form a worldview so that it is scientific, that is, real, true. And, thus, to have a philosophical view of what is happening, of the world as the most worthy (and again true).
Moreover, philosophical knowledge allows us to develop in the most comprehensive way a person's thinking, his intellect, and since all of them exist in the system of reason, then also mental abilities. As the German philosopher Schelling thinks:”The highest interest of philosophy is to awaken the mind from its slumber.”
Logically thinking,
philosophers are those people who are engaged in
production of wisdom.
This is true, if only because
if wisdom does not produce, then there is nowhere else for it to come from…
If wisdom is seen in the actions that unite and bring together sapiens through the understanding and awareness of each of them of their own involvement in the production of the possibilities of harmonious cooperation of entities that have somehow formed in the universe, then philosophers themselves should be looked for somewhere near wisdom.,
and the thoughts of those who offer to comprehend wisdom
through reasoning –
this is the babble of the profane, fascinated by casuistry and demagoguery.
Philosophy is what a person begins to study certain issues, tries to understand the essence of anything.
Philosophy is the moment when a person asks the question “why”, which means that this is the basis of every science.
(this is just my opinion and I may be wrong)
as one of the most prominent of them said, to learn something I don't know anything about.
In principle, this is also a necessary experience, it is also knowledge. The knowledge of your weakness, your stupidity, your unreason, the realization that in addition to your mind, your intellect needs something else..Something important is greatly lacking and this important lies already in the field that is higher than philosophy, in religion. Just as philosophy is the domain of human wisdom and intellect, so religion is the domain of Divine knowledge – that is exactly what man needs. An Accurate Divine Revelation.
8 My thoughts are not your thoughts, neither are your ways my ways, says the Lord.
9 But as the heavens are higher than the earth, so my ways are higher than your ways, and my thoughts are higher than your thoughts.
(Isaiah 55: 8,9)
46 I have come into the world as a light, so that whoever believes in Me will not remain in darkness.
47 And if anyone hears my words and does not believe, I do not judge him, for I did not come to judge the world, but to save the world.
48 He who rejects me and does not accept my words has a judge for himself: the word that I have spoken will judge him at the last day.
49 For I did not speak of myself; but the Father who sent me, he gave me the commandment what I should say and what I should say.
(Jn.12:46-49)
philosophy is a way to know the world through reflection and contemplation, and also a way to explain the world. This is an important thing, but another thing is that such a tool as the mind for explaining the world was not enough. The human mind has given so many explanations of the world that it can make you dizzy.