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The answers below are based on the misconception that science is a collection of proven facts. No, it's not.
There is a scientific method in science. It is the scientific method that determines what is proof and how something is proved. The scientific method itself cannot be justified by means of the scientific method. What is the difference between the scientific method as a postulate and religious dogmas? In what consequences we understand that the method works. The task of science is to seek commonalities. The task of religion is to create communities. Accordingly, the scientific method is the better, the more effectively we use it to find something in common between different phenomena. Religious postulates are all the better, the more effectively we use them to create common ground among people.
The postulates of science do not exist, everything is proven there and can be verified.
And in religion there is nothing but dogmas and nothing can be verified there.
Everything is very simple – as soon as there is a discussion and reasoning, immediately there is LOGIC, and it is the essence of the scientific method of knowing the world. And there are no postulates in logic, except for the self-evident unavoidable idea that there are no simultaneously true statements of the opposite nature. Without this idea, there is no communication, and the person who claims a dispute with such an idea immediately flies by because he is obviously lying.
And for the Scientific Method, this idea is also simple- “True representations of reality are consistent.” This is not a postulate, but a basis for communication-reasoning-proof.
There are no postulates in the sense of “unsubstantiated ideas taken from nowhere” in Science.
But in religion, on the contrary – ONLY dogmas without the slightest logical reasoning. Continuous uncertainties and contradictions, sometimes even funny to read direct conflicts between dogmas ))
Especially fun about almighty God by the will and design of which everything happens and not a single hair will fall, and on the other hand about free will and about sins that are expressed in the fact that you can act against the will of almighty God ))
If the foundations of science and its Laws (Axioms) are considered as postulates of science, then the postulates of science do NOT differ in any way from the religions of dogmas, because all meta-theorems of logic, mathematics, topology, geometry, etc.—will always be true both in philosophy and in religion, if this religion is true, and will be dogmas of this religion. It's just that the priests themselves don't understand this because of their general mental incompetence. To prove this to them is a monkey's work (well, or Sisyphus ' work), because it will be like a lecture on higher mathematics in a madhouse, as Vysotsky sang in the song“Dear program”, about the events at Kanatchikova dacha.
Science is always based on facts, if proven means fact, if not proven, then it doesn't exist (even if it does).
Religion is based on faith in God and the holy Scriptures, faith without Scripture is just a false dummy, Scripture without faith is just a fairy tale, and nothing more. But if there is a Scripture and if there is faith in the heart, then this is the real Christian religion.
So faith comes from hearing, and hearing comes from the word of God.
(Romans 10: 17)
There are many different religions. And they don't have a single goal. Therefore, there would be an answer – to many. Let's assume that we are referring to Christianity. Science and Christianity simply have different goals. The goal of science is to know the world. The goal of Christianity is to preserve the moral image of man. The dogmas of Christianity are faith in God as the source of man and moral laws, observing which should preserve the standard of an unchanged person. Who has not lost contact with the source. Science does not set any goals, has no moral categories. In fact, science is only a means. A means of knowing the world. And the purpose for which this cognition takes place. Whether it's getting extra profits, creating a technological or military advantage, or creating comfort, goals are set by the one who pays for the needs of science.