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If the answer is simple, then perhaps the meta-task of philosophy is to set tasks for yourself and other disciplines. Because of this, philosophy turns its attention to various spheres of human life, ranging from science to art.Therefore, in different periods and in different philosophical directions, we face different problems and potential ways to solve them.
Speaking about modern philosophy, questions related to science are relevant in one way or another. For example, the philosophy of consciousness, in which the proposed solutions to the problem of identity affect both psychology and even legal practice in Western countries. I answered this in more detail in the question about the functions of philosophy.
Philosophy is a generalized concept. The philosopher creates the basis of science and works out the logical structure of judgments in the knowledge of any non-material direction of the unknown world creation. Then he sends out his vision for discussion with experts in this field, and then, in case of unanimity, a hypothesis is created and tested. Then, if successful, it is packaged in a scientific work and used by scientists in creating the benefits of civilization. In the material aspect, scientists work without philosophers. In fact, philosophers do not solve any problems in modern times, they are engaged in reasoning and unsuccessfully catch up with the level and depth of judgments of ancient Greece.
The role of philosophy is determined by the fact that it acts as the basis of a worldview and solves the problem of cognizability of the world. Defines the issues of orientation of a person in the world of culture and in the world of spiritual values.
However, keep in mind that this role is changing historically. Just as human problems change. For example, the relationship between man and nature has always existed, but it had one meaning in the middle period, and another in the era of machine production.
So, if earlier philosophers talked more about eternal questions: what is God, what is good, whether there will be life after death. Now in science they are thinking about the creation and development of artificial intelligence, about its dangers, about its capabilities.
Modern philosophy is primarily anti-ideological. Ideology (the essence of illusory consciousness, i.e., a consciousness impenetrable to itself) even uses science as its element. So modern philosophers create texts that clear the space for thought from ideology. Nietzsche, Kierkegaard, and Marx began and continued with Husserl, Sartre, Heidegger, Gabriel Marcel, Merab Mamardashvili, and others.