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Extra-and introversion are the basic properties of a person's temperament, described by Jung. They are innate and cannot be changed, although you can learn to compensate for the shortcomings of each of the characteristics by becoming a more sociable and social introvert or a more reserved and focused extrovert.
The author of the question asked a simple and complex question at the same time. I will try to express my understanding. Usually, an extrovert is considered a person who is more sociable, mobile, a ringleader, easy on the upswing, has many friends, is prone to superficiality and promiscuity, etc. An introvert is its opposite. This quality can only be defined in behavior.
Thus, extra / introversion can hide a special type of personality, the pressure of the situation, and other factors, including medical ones. Moreover, the situation may be of paramount importance. For example, the same person may behave completely differently in different situations: from stiffness to carelessness. Example: a job interview and a party with friends.
From the point of view of medicine, “introversion” can also hide various disorders: social phobia, depression, etc. Also under “extraversion”: cyclothymia, bar, etc. Therefore, after treatment, others notice how the introvert suddenly became an extrovert or vice versa.
In principle, it can. I am an introvert, but in some situations I am still an extrovert, for example, at work, where you have to communicate a lot and for a long time with different people. In large groups of well-known old friends, I am also an extrovert.
I was a typical introvert, and now many people consider me an extrovert. But in difficult moments, everything comes back. Many restrictions in communication can be removed or dismantled in working with a psychotherapist.
The ability to talk about your feelings, the ability to ask for help, the ability to hear your body and allow yourself to move spontaneously, the ability to defend yourself from other people's attacks, the ability to distinguish your part of the problem from someone else's – all this is perfectly coached in communicating with someone who already knows and knows how to do it.