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Since the question is tagged “Philosophy” and “Psychology”, the answer is also philosophical and psychological:
“…people are not equal – so says justice ” (F. Nietzsche)
The quote from Zarathustra is valuable because it reflects reality very clearly.
All theses and attitudes about the equality and equality of people are refuted by one convincing argument: the facts and results of their activities.�
The same beings – in terms of their physiological structure and initial intellectual and physical capabilities, hands-feet-head – receive so different results of their own lives, occupy so different social, financial and cultural positions that the philosophical and psychological conclusion can only be one: they are very different beings.
Obviously, there are still some characteristics that determine this difference.
The best minds of mankind have been struggling to determine them for many centuries )
I agree with Andrey. At different levels of detail – the entire line from almost complete similarity to absolute uniqueness.
For example, the blood pH is the same for everyone.
The number of hands is no longer always the same.
Social psychology tracks patterns of behavior that are common to people, but this is already a statistical distribution. That is, someone in a given situation will kill, and someone will not (Milgram's experiments). Most – so-and-so, but some-on the contrary.
Most people want to be happy, but for some people this is an insignificant category altogether.
Everyone's personal experience in its details is completely unique; but in general (born, lives, will die), it is absolutely identical.
Therefore, in practical psychology, approaches based on typing (typical cognitive distortions in the cognitive-behavioral approach, testing in approaches based on trait theories) also get along. And phenomenological approaches, where all attempts of the psychologist to type a person and his behavior in one way or another are consistently cut off. Both work perfectly. Because both are true))
Dialectics; Hegelian antinomies)
Of course there is.
By and large, each person is unique and unrepeatable.
Both physically and socially.
Even identical twins have recently been found to have large differences. What can we say about others?
So we're all different. And just do not divide into capable and incapable, black, white, yellow, savage and civilized noble Europeans.
All these divisions are essentially contrived, and invented in order to make it easier to manage and rob one another.
And one more proof, from medicine.
Recently, while taking the medicine, I found an inscription in the instructions.
“The use of this medicine is contraindicated for Chinese and Southeast Asians.”
Here the Chukchi can, but the Chinese can not.
So we are all different, unique, and valuable.
It depends on what level you're looking at. If you get old at the root , it doesn't exist. In essence, we are all one. But the smaller the scale of perception, the greater the differences. And it would be necessary to perceive in a good way at all levels, so as not to lose sight of the full picture.