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In fact, philosophy is the parent of the methodology of science.After all, almost all types of inferences that play a crucial role in scientific research come from a time when philosophy and science were inseparable. Analysis, synthesis, deduction, and everything else that concerns the ability to know the world around us by the means of the mind have their origin in philosophy. The methods of reflection are always the same, with the only difference being that science starts from empirical facts and on their basis puts forward hypotheses, deduces laws and builds relationships, expresses them in formulas, whereas philosophy implies the experimental world as a springboard for confirming theories that are beyond the control or are not confirmed by sensory perception.
Science will never go beyond the boundary of a sign (equation) that can describe a particular phenomenon in an accessible way.Philosophy, in its methods, is not limited to equations, so methodology can lead it where perfect logic can lead it.
Actually, the methods of studying the world were first thought out by philosophers, and only then they began to be used in science-when science arose. And it appeared much later than philosophy, in the 17th and 18th centuries AD, whereas philosophy and the most basic methods later recognized as “scientific” – almost 2.5 thousand years ago. “Classification, analysis, structuring” and much more are conceptual ways of working with information about the world, and therefore they are inherently philosophical. Scientific methods that have already emerged in specific sciences and only later influenced philosophy exist only in the last 150-200 years , when a qualitative leap took place in the natural sciences.�
Unfortunately, philosophy is often so poorly taught that students, especially in exact, technical, and natural science majors, are left with only a meaningless mess of names and directions. And when they start working on a specific topic within the framework of their science and meet all the “normal scientific methods”, they no longer remember that they were once told about these methods or asked to read in philosophy textbooks.
In this case, it is more likely that science influences philosophy. Starting from ancient times and ending with Modern times, philosophy was a mixture of various trends, as well as individual works of thinkers. Since about the 17th and 18th centuries, methods for studying philosophy have been developed. Philosophy begins to use the same methods and techniques as in the natural sciences: classification, analysis, structuring…