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Simondon, Gilbert. About animals and humans. / translated by M. Lepilova.�
Translation of two lectures by the French neo-Hegelian philosopher of science and technology. How the discovery of “behavior” in animals changed the problem of cognition.�
Tredelenburg, Adolf. Elements of Aristotle's logic. / translated by B. A. Fokht, published by M. R. Demin.�
A classic German textbook on Aristotle's logic, it teaches how to construct induction and deduction and how the concept takes on a generally binding meaning.
Florensky, Pavel. Departed: Archimandrite Serapion Mashkin (Life of a Thinker). (special issue of the magazine “Symbol”.�
Microanalysis of the life and fate of a spiritual teacher, an eccentric mathematician and theologian, performed by a dedicated student: a biography transformed into a new type of dialectic.�
Paramonov, B., Tolstoy and I. Bedlam as Bethlehem: Conversations of Russian Word Lovers.�
Philosophical Commentary on Russian Literature: Utopias and Dystopias of Literature as a Critique of Traditional Philology.�
Henri, Michel. Material phenomenology. / translated by G. V. Vdovina.�
Exploring how life, art, and things turn out to be the realization of our relationship with phenomena.
From what I've read myself:
From transferable accounts:
David Edmonds. Would you kill a fat man?�
A very good book, a kind of journalistic investigation into the history of ideas, in this case, ethical ideas of the twentieth century.
From domestic sources:
Mironov D. G. German analytical ontology.�
Didikin A. B. Analiticheskaya filosofiya prava: istoki, genezis i struktura [Analytical Philosophy of Law: origins, Genesis and Structure].
From what I haven't read yet, but I have an idea of what you can find there:
Bugay D. V. Unity of the Platonic “State”.
Vasiliev V. V. In Defense of Classical Compatibilism: An Essay on Free Will.
I can advise you to read Schopenhauer's collected works, which is quite interesting.If, of course, you are not afraid after reading the state of depression and awareness of the world as such.
Also a Book of Thoughts from the two-volume book Inspiration. Автор By Ali Emin…
I can send excerpts from this book, where there is a message from the descendants of the founder of the Crimean Khanate=with illustrations of the photo…
“Black notebooks” by M. Heidegger.�
It is absolutely necessary to purchase, even if at the moment it is difficult to understand the author's problems.�
The book was published in a small print run and in a few years it will be almost impossible to get it. I am surprised that such a book is being published in Russia.
“Gabriel Tard.” Monadology and Sociology (Perm: Hyle Press, 2016)
An 1893 philosophical essay that better fits, paradoxically, our era of the Internet and quantum technology. During his lifetime, Tard was known mainly as a criminologist and sociologist, then during the twentieth century he was known as a theorist of communications and inventions. Gilles Deleuze (Difference and Repetition) brought Tard back to the philosophical agenda in the late 1960s, and in the early 2000s Bruno Latour made Tard relevant to sociological theory again. “Monadology”, a recognizable concept of Leibniz, is reinterpreted by Tard in a noticeably different way. There is no longer any pre-established harmony in the world of Tard, but countless monads, tiny particles endowed with faith and desire, collide, impose their will on each other, stick together in grandiose spherical aggregates, which then collapse due to internal revolts. The book is brilliant and confusing, read in one breath, and it will take a long time to understand it, to make ends meet. How all this is connected with modern philosophy (first of all, speculative realism) is decently explained by Dm's introductory article. Zhikharevich.
– Amartya Sen. The Idea of Justice (Moscow: Gaidar Institute Publishing House, 2016).
Justice was one of the main themes in Sen's economic works, which won him the Nobel Prize in 1998 (“for restoring an ethical approach to vital economic problems”); in Russian, they published” Development as Freedom”, a translation of the 1999 book. Sen is now included in the actual philosophical discussions on the theory of justice. Sen contrasts his approach with” transcendental institutionalism, ” a method of theorizing from Hobbes and Rousseau to Rolls, Nozick, and Dworkin, in which the parameters of a perfectly just system are derived from abstract speculative grounds. Instead, we propose an “implementation-oriented comparison”, an alternative that is closer to the approaches of economics and social sciences. For readers who are not professional philosophers, Sen's book is good because his “comparative approach” involves, first, a concise and clear presentation of the main theoretical models developed in the philosophy of justice, and secondly, “grounding” the ideas discussed in more practical social, economic and political issues-that is, in other words, it can be read not only as a statement of the author's views, but also as an introductory textbook in a good sense.
– David Edmonds. Would you kill a fat man? (Moscow: Gaidar Institute Publishing House, 2016)
Introduction to the problems of ethical thought experiments that continue the famous trolley problem: is it possible to kill one person by throwing them on the tracks in order to save five others from death? “Experiments with a trolley” connect, on the one hand, traditional problems of moral philosophy, on the other-extremely practical problems of programming technology, on which human lives will depend in critical situations – and this means that you need to clearly understand in advance what kind of “ethics” (you can do it without quotes) we must empower the machines around us. Who remembers “Wittgenstein's Poker”, where Edmonds is one of the co-authors, – here the style is similar, light and unobtrusive, it is good to read on the subway (but with all the references that need to be made to more strict literature).
– Nick Bostrom. Artificial intelligence: Stages. Threats. Strategies (Moscow: Mann, Ivanov and Farber, 2016)
“Superintelligence” by Nick Bostrom, a professor at the University of Oxford, is written strongly across the usual disciplinary framework. The cover recommendations of Bill Gates, Elon Musk, and Kaspersky Lab give the impression that the next step is “something about computers” (and this is also true), but the issues are much broader: intelligence, cognition, technology, politics, and ethics. Bostrom's work is not so much “on philosophy” as an appeal to philosophers, a call to think about the existential threats coming from artificial “superintelligence”. The result is not a hundred-and-five-hundredth alarmist manifesto about the “gray slime” that supercomputers will one day suddenly turn us into (“zohavayut fseh”, as they said in the Runet of the 2000s), but a serious, in the academic sense, definition of the problem, which correctly leads to philosophical problems too.
– Edward Kanterian. Ludwig Wittgenstein (Moscow: Ad Marginem Press, 2016)
Intellectual biography of Wittgenstein, published in the translated series ” Critical Biographies “(Critical Lives). The author is a fellow of the University of Kent, a specialist in the philosophy of language, Frege and Kant. Nothing sensational, just a high-quality, no-nonsense biographical introduction to Wittgentstein and his ideas. There are still a few of them in Russian, so you probably shouldn't skip the new ones.